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Archive
Updates on the Public Service Act: What is a Public Utility?
Republic Act No. 11659 or An Act Amending Commonwealth Act No. 146, otherwise known as the Public Service Act, as amended, was signed into law on March 21, 2022. One of the notable features of this law is the inclusion of a definition for “Public Utility”, a term that was undefined in both the 1987 Constitution and the old Public Service Act.

Bylaws and the Corresponding Voting Requirements under the Revised Corporation Code
Every corporation incorporated under the Revised Corporation Code (RCC) has the power and capacity to adopt bylaws, not contrary to law, morals or public policy, and to amend or repeal the same. The RCC provides the voting requirements for the adoption, amendment, and repeal of bylaws.

Is Breach of Promise to Marry an Actionable Wrong?
A mere breach of a promise to marry is not an actionable wrong, as long as it is not of such extent as would palpably and unjustifiably contradict good customs. In any case, the party seeking to recover damages must have acted in good faith.

Pertinent Laws, Rules and Regulations on SSS, PhilHealth, and Pag-IBIG | July 30, 2025
The pertinent laws, rules and regulations on SSS are: Republic Act (R.A.) No. 11199 or the “Social Security Act of 2018”, IRR of R.A. No. 11199, and R.A. No. 10361 otherwise known as “Batas Kasambahay”. The pertinent laws, rules and regulations on PhilHealth are: R.A. No. 7875 as amended by R.A. No. 9241 and 10606 or “National Health Insurance Act of 1995”, Revised IRR of R.A. No. 7875 as amended by R.A. No. 9241 and 10606, and R.A. No. 10361 otherwise known as “Batas Kasambahay”. The pertinent laws, rules and regulations on Pag-IBIG are: Presidential Decree (PD) No. 1530, PD No. 1752, Amending the Act Creating the Home Development Mutual Fund, R.A. No. 9679 or the “Home Development Mutual Fund Law of 2009, otherwise known as Pag-IBIG (Pagtutulungan sa kinabukasan: Ikaw, Bangko, Industriya at Gobyerno) Fund”, IRR of R.A. No. 9679, HDMF Circular No. 274 or the “REVISED GUIDELINES ON Pag-IBIG FUND MEMBERSHIP”

Presidential Immunity | July 28, 2025
During his tenure of office or actual incumbency, the President may not be sued in any civil or criminal case, and there is no need to provide for it in the Constitution or law. It will degrade the dignity of the high office of the President, the head of State, if he can be dragged into court litigations while serving as such.

