When is preponderance of evidence applicable? | 20 December 2024

Evidence is central to legal proceedings, playing a crucial role in establishing the facts of a case. In legal contexts, the strength and nature of evidence vary, leading to different degrees of evidentiary standards.Evidence, to be worthy of credit, must not only proceed from a credible source but must also be credible in itself. It must be natural, reasonable and probable as to make it easy to believe. (People v. Peruelo, G.R. No. 50631, 29 June 1981)

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Alburo Law
December 20, 2024

Preponderance of evidence is the weight, credit, and value of the aggregate evidence on either side and is usually considered to be synonymous with the term “greater weight of the evidence” or “greater weight of the credible evidence.” Preponderance of evidence is a phrase that, in the last analysis, means probability of the truth. It is evidence that is more convincing to the court as it is worthier of belief than that which is offered in opposition thereto.Xxx In civil cases, the burden of proof is on the plaintiff to establish his case by preponderance of evidence, i.e., superior weight of evidence on the issues involved.

In the case of Leo Abad, Romeo Abella et. al vs. San Roque Metals Inc., G.R. No. 255368, May 29, 2024, the Supreme Court held that compromise agreements and settlements between employers and employees that offer employees excessively low amounts are invalid.

For a quitclaim to be valid, the Court has held that the following must be present: 1) the employee executes a quitclaim voluntarily; 2) there is no fraud or deceit on the part of any parties; 3) the consideration of the quitclaim is credible and reasonable; and 4) the contract is not contrary to law, public order, public policy or good customs, or prejudicial to a third person with a right recognized under the law.

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