Safety of Passengers under the Civil Code

Common carriers are required to exercise extraordinary diligence for the safety of their passengers, with any injury or death creating a legal presumption of negligence on their part. However, as clarified in Mariano v. Callejas (G.R. No. 166640), this duty does not make them absolute insurers of passenger safety.

The Supreme Court Decides: As a general rule, only the employer-corporation, and not its officers, may be held liable for illegal dismissal of employees. The exception applies when corporate officers acted with bad faith.

Willful disobedience or insubordination requires the concurrence of two (2) requisites: (1) the employee’s assailed conduct must have been willful which is characterized by a wrongful and perverse attitude; and (2) the order violated must have been reasonable, lawful, made known to the employee, and must pertain to the duties which he had been engaged to discharge.

Why choose ALBURO LAW?

Alburo Alburo & Associates Law Offices:

• Have labor law and business law as our main fields of practice. For almost a decade now, we have been helping businesses improve their productivity and profitability by helping them comply with relevant laws, rules, and regulations.

• Observe high standards of excellence.

• Always consider innovative approaches to effectively address the legal concerns of our clients, covering a wide range of industries such as food, manufacturing, chemicals, real estate, retail and wholesale trade, and services in fields such as information technology, human resources, security, training, process outsourcing and other manpower services, among many others.

Contact us: 09778050020 | 09778050015 | (02) 7745-4391

Email us: [email protected] | [email protected]